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Last name origins & meanings:

1. Spanish: variant of Barca 1, from an earlier form.
2. Spanish and Galician: habitational name from any of various places called (El or O) Barco, in particular Barco de Ávila (Ávila, Castile) and O Barco (Ourense, Galicia). These are of uncertain origin, possibly from the Celtic element bar- ‘height’, ‘eminence’.
3. Spanish and Portuguese: metonymic occupational name for a boatman, from Spanish, Portuguese barco ‘boat’.
4. Italian (especially Piemonte, Lombardy, and Veneto): from barco, which meant ‘boat’ (possibly derived from Spanish) and also ‘garden’, ‘park’, ‘farmyard’, ‘cowshed’, hence a metonymic occupational name for either a boatman or a boatbuilder, or for a park keeper or farmer.